Transport

• In 2022, the final energy consumption by the transport sector in Finland was about 46 TWh, i.e., about 16% of the total.
• The proportion of road transport in the totality for domestic transport is clearly largest (92% in 2022). The proportion of passenger cars in the fuel consumption of road transport was about 50%, freight transport by trucks 36% and freight transport by vans 8%.
• Energy use by domestic transport was 2% over the 2000 level in 2022. There are breaks in statistical time series, but data suggests that the amount of passenger-km by road vehicles increased by 6% in 2000–2022. In 2000–2019 passenger-km increased by 18% but covid19 pandemic reduced the passenger traffic mileage. Tonne-km in domestic freight transport declined by 2.0% in the 2000 to 2022 period.

Figure 1. Shares of road transport modes in 2022.
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The next figure shows the final energy consumption of the transport sector in 2000 and 2021, and an analysis of factors which have affected the observed change in consumption (so-called decomposition analysis).

• Final energy consumption decreased by 1.2 TWh in the study period.
• Transport activity levels, i.e., changes in passenger-km and tonne-km would have increased energy consumption by 4.6 TWh, all other things equal.
• Energy saving measures, mainly from improvements in vehicle efficiency, were 7.2 TWh.
• Modal changes increased consumption by 1.5 TWh.
• Other factors, such as behavioural changes and declining of utilization rates in goods transport, increased consumption by 2.3 TWh.

Figure 2. Decomposition of final energy consumption of transport in 2000–2021.
Source: Odyssee Database
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