Households

• In 2023, final energy consumption of households in Finland was 63 TWh, i.e., 23% of the total. Electricity consumption of households was 22 TWh.
• The shares of different uses in final energy consumption were: space heating 61%, water heating 16%, saunas 5%, lighting and appliances 13% and free-time residences 5%.
• Final energy consumption of households increased by 27% in 2000–2023 (without normalization for temperature). The number of households grew by 24% and floor area of dwellings by 35% over the same period.  

Figure 1. Use of energy in households in 2023.
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Figure 2. Index development (2008 = 100) of final energy consumption of households, number of households and floor area per person in 2008–2023.
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The next figure shows the final energy consumption of households in 2000 and 2022, and an analysis of factors which have affected the observed change in consumption (so-called decomposition analysis).

• Final energy consumption of households increased by 4.4 TWh over the study period. 
• Weather increased the consumption by 0.3 TWh. 
• Change in the number of dwellings would have increased household consumption by 13.0 TWh, all other things equal. 
• Larger size of dwellings would have increased household consumption by 3.3 TWh, all other things equal. 
• Energy efficiency measures saved 14 TWh. 
• “Other factors” include, e.g., changes is consumer behaviour, and increased consumption by 1.4 TWh.

Figure 3. Decomposition of final energy consumption of households in 2000–2022.
Source: Odyssee Database
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